Transylvanian Review

Understanding Women's family-career crisis perspective and its impact on Gender Pay-Gap:A Survey Study

Mosehlane Johannes Madingwaneng — 2025-01-19

Currently, the causes of the gender pay gap worldwide have been reduced to gender inequality in terms of salary differences and other occupational disputes such as the alienation of Women's participation in top managerial positions. Although this may be correct, both these factors hold no major contribution to the current gender pay gap in many countries worldwide. This is because of many gender equality efforts that have been put in place such as feminism, equality of opportunity, employment equity Acts, Labour Relations Acts, International Labour Organisation (ILO), Gender equality regulations, and Women empowerment movements. As the world strives for egalitarianism, there has been an observable growth in the current gender pay gap. As such, this survey study investigates the impact of "Women's family-career Crisis" on the gender pay gap. In light of that, this survey study was conducted on 134 women in South Africa from 18 to 50 years, to understand the impact of women's family-career crisis on the gender pay gap. Quanti-qualitative approach was utilised and found that women aged twenty-five to fifty do not hesitate to abjure their career development when they have to choose between starting a family and building a career. Secondly, this study found that the primary priority of women from the age of twenty-five lies in starting a family compared to career development. Through linear correlation analysis, a strong negative correlation of R2=0.9773 between family and career was found. Moreover, family career crisis’s impact on gender pay gap reported a significant p-value of 0.04. This study further found that women's natural desire for family nurturing creates a strong negative correlation between family and career, which impacts negatively on their career development, and ultimately increases the gender pay gap.

“A Systematic Analysis of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education with specific reference to E-Professionalism”

Jomon Lonappan Jomon Lonappan — 2025-01-19

Purpose: Artificial Intelligence should be taught in Medical Curricula to prepare doctors for tomorrow, and at the same time, could be used for teaching, assessment and providing feedback in various disciplines. This study aims to describe the existing & emerging role of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education, as this may help to set future directions. Results were interpreted by PRISMA Scoping Review guidelines.

Methodology: Analysis done based on the publications in the Indexed Journals comprising of PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar Indexed Journals from June 2004 to June 2024. Based on the Prisma Scoping Review Guidelines the results are interpreted.

Findings: In Medical Curriculum Development, Professionalism has to be given utmost importance. By incorporating E-professionalism by using Artificial Intelligence & Social Media Platforms in Medical Curriculum helps to achieve new paradigm.

Originality/ Values: The Paper submitted is original work. All the sources from which the references were taken is Acknowledged.

Paper Type: Exploratory Research

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, E-Professionalism

Climate Change and Declining Agricultural Production in the Sudan Savannah: History, Cause, Course and Cost since the 20th Century.

Emmanuel Osewe Akubor — 2025-01-19

Scholars have argued that available evidences indicates that Nigeria’s climate (over the years) has been changing as evident in increases in temperature; variable rainfall; rise in sea level and flooding; drought and desertification; land degradation; more frequent extreme weather events; affected fresh water resources and loss of biodiversity. As far as the Sudan Savanna region is concerned, evidence of droughts have also become a constant and are expected to continue arising from a decline in precipitation and rise in temperature. Akubor (2016) have argued that Lake Chad and other lakes in the country are drying up and at risk of disappearing . Temperature has risen significantly since the 1980s. All these have continually affected agricultural production of the area; such that the once self sufficient area has been experiencing declining agricultural production. The research using the example of the Sudan Savannah area, is thus an attempt at at interrogating the relationship between Climate Change and declining agricultural production in the Sudan Savannah with focus on the cause, course and cost since the 20^th Century. Data obtained from primary and secondary sources were deployed to carry out the study with an analytical and narrative historical approach. This includes historical, descriptive and analytical approaches based on gathered evidence. The primary source for this research is based on field investigations conducted in the area and surrounding territories. Among other things, the data collection process includes semi-structured interviews with individuals. The research also uses historical documents from the national archives, relying on previous research conducted on issues of climate change, agricultural production and sudan savannah area, in addition to documentary data taken from newspaper accounts, diaries, letters and verbal reports.

Keywords: Climate Change, Agriculture, Food, Sudan Savanna, History

Firefly Algorithm-Integrated Convolutional Neural Network for Advanced Detection and Classification of Tomato Leaf Disease

Shriya Jadhav — 2025-01-19

Effective identification and categorization of diseases in tomato plant leaves are critical for enhancing crop productivity and quality. This study introduces an advanced FiFy-CNN model, combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Firefly Optimization, to automate and optimize the diagnosis of prevalent tomato leaf diseases. FiFy-CNN leverages Firefly Optimization to fine-tune CNN learning rates, and extracts texture features using the Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), resulting in superior performance in metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision compared to traditional methods. A comprehensive image dataset of tomato diseases, including Mosaic virus, Yellow Leaf Curl virus, and early blight, was used for evaluation, highlighting FiFy-CNN’s accuracy in disease detection. Experimental findings demonstrate that this framework outperforms conventional CNN models and architectures such as VGG16 and GoogLeNet, offering a reliable and efficient solution for automated plant disease monitoring—marking a substantial advancement for precision agriculture.

Thoughts on the definition of predicate

Sadagat Hasanova — 2025-01-19

The article touches upon the problems of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language. From this point of view, the topic of “predicate” is brought to the fore. The main attention is paid to the definition of the predicate. Because there are contradictions and incompleteness in the ideas about the predicate, which creates a number of problems. The article states that the definition of the predicate in books on the grammar of the Azerbaijani language is incorrect and this idea is confirmed by linguistic facts. In almost all grammar textbooks, the definitions given to the predicate mention the issue of its relationship with the subject. However, there are sentences in the Azerbaijani language that do not have a subject. In such a case, the idea that the predicate belongs to the subject is not considered correct. The scientific and theoretical ideas put forward in the article are based on linguistic facts.

Democratic Transition and Consolidation in Southern Europe

Zoran Jovović — 2025-01-19

Focused on the democratic transition, which means the transit, the transition period from undemocratic to democratic regime, the article explores the features of the authoritarian regime in Spain and Portugal as well as the colonel-military regime in Greece. In accordance with the above, we consider the position and role of political leaders and political parties, i.e. the party system in the transition process and their contribution to social welfare, that is, the action of both in the direction of democratic consolidation. Both the democratic transition and democratic consolidation in Southern Europe, that is, in Spain, Portugal and Greece, as well as in other societies in Central and Eastern Europe, had their own specifics, and therefore there is the interest in considering this problem, more precisely this popular political phenomenon.

TIME MANAGEMENT: A CATALYST FOR ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA TEACHING HOSPITAL

Samuel Agunyai — 2025-01-19

This paper examines the use of time in enhancing the performance of University of Abuja Teaching hospital. In attempts to achieve the noble objective of this study, a survey research design was used in data collection and analysis. Out of a total of 48 questionnaires randomly administered to target population in University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, 36 were returned. In the same vein, a cross-section of the hospital staff was interviewed. Also, the study made use of secondary data and content analysis of annual reports of University of Abuja teaching hospital in efforts to making comparison with the result obtained from field survey. At the end of the study, the paper established the fact that there is significant relationship between time management and the performance of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. However, issues such as timely consultation of Doctors by Patients, release of laboratory test, conducting operation, congestion and maintenance of toilets are below expectation. Therefore, the study recommended for effective time management by considering the lives of patients far and above secondary issues such as card collection, police report, checking of temperature, payment in banks and arrangement of files.