Author Guidelines

Author guideliness

1. Submitting a manuscript

Manuscripts must be submitted to the TRAS by e-mail (transylvanianreview@gmail.com). Submission is an ongoing process and authors upon receiving the results of the peer review will be announced about the issue of the journal in which their article will be published. No fees are asked for the processing and the publishing of the materials submitted by authors.

Submission of a paper implies that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere and further that it contains work not previously published in English elsewhere. All submitted materials will be checked with the anti plagiarism soft before they are sent for the blind peer review.

The manuscript must not have more than four authors. Once a manuscript is submitted the author/authors must wait the final outcome of the peer review process before submitting a new manuscript for evaluation.

2. Review process

a. Regular issue:
The editorial board will make an initial screening of all manuscripts received in order to determine if the topic addressed fits with the subject of the journal. All manuscripts accepted after the initial screening will undergo a double blind peer review process. The final decision is made by the editorial board which reserves the right to refuse any manuscript or, in cases when manuscripts are accepted, to add certain corrections or shorten them. Any changes affecting the substance of the text will, of course, only be made in agreement with the author. The review process takes between three and nine months.
 
b. Special (theme) issue:
Once a year a special issue on a special theme will be published. At least six authors will be invited to submit an article for publication. Selected manuscripts will be reviewed by at least one referee on the basis of anonymity. The final decision is made by the editorial board which reserves the right to refuse any manuscript, or, in case manuscripts are accepted, to add certain corrections or shorten them. Any changes affecting the substance of the text will, of course, only be made in agreement with the author.

3. Text

The text should be no more than 7,000 words in length, double-spaced throughout, standard 10 or 12 point, and with a minimum of 3cm for left and right hand margins and 5cm at head and foot. These conventions and restrictions include not only the text but also the notes, references, displayed quotations, tables and all other material. The manuscript pages should be numbered. Manuscripts must be written in English (US spelling) and be complete in all respects, including figures and tables. 

4. Title, subtitles and biography 

The title page must list the full title, names, academic or professional affiliations and complete addresses of all authors. In case of multiple authors of one article, all authors should be displayed on a new line, followed by organization details, separated by commas. The name and address of the author to whom correspondence may be sent should be indicated, including an e-mail address, telephone number and fax number.
As a guide, the main title should consist of eight words or less. Notes are not allowed in the title, biography or any of the subtitles. Subtitles must be short and clearly defined.

5. Abstract and key words

A structured summary of no more than 200 words should be included, which encapsulate the principal subjects covered by the paper which will be used for indexing. The summary should be understandable to readers who have not read the rest of the paper. It should not contain any citations of other published work.
With the abstract should also be sent the article's key words.  

6. Final submission and copyright

Once the manuscript has been accepted for publication, the author must provide a final version incorporating the referees’ comments.

Points of Style

Technical details

Use only the Word format (.doc).

Do not use tabs, section endings, headers, or footers.
Do not use bullets or numbering or other automatic functions to list items, but use non-automatic Arabic numerals or hyphens instead.
Make sure all changes have been accepted and turn off the possibility ‘track changes’.
If there are notes, insert footnotes (notes are not allowed in (sub)titles or biography). Footnotes must all end in a full stop.

Subsections

An article may be divided into sections, subsections, and sub-subsections, using Arabic numerals.
Only the initial word and proper names should be capitalized.
 Example:
 
1. Terrorism and financial supervision
1.1. Introduction
1.1.1. European Union

Quotations

Quotations are to be included in the main text, between single quotation marks.
The original capitalization, spelling etc. of the quotation should be preserved. Place any change made to a quoted text between square brackets, unless you use an ellipsis to indicate omissions within the quoted text: (…). Use ‘sic’ between square brackets to signify obvious mistakes in the quoted text.
If you wish to add specific emphasis to part of the quoted text, this should be done by the use of italics, and ‘(emphasis added)’ should be added.
Quotations should always be followed by a footnote with a reference to the source.
 
Paragraphs
Every new paragraph should be break marked.

Example:

Local economic development needs to take into consideration green urbanism principles in order to attain an optimal level of sustainable development.

not
 
Local economic development needs to take into consideration green urbanism principles in order to attain an optimal level of sustainable development.
 
Lists
Numbered or hyphenated lists: use Arabic numerals followed by a full stop or hyphens followed by a space. Separate each item with a semi-colon, adding ‘and’ after the last semi-colon and ending the last item with a full stop.
Example:
 
Certain rights are specifically designed for the protection of minorities:
1. the right to non-discrimination;
2. the right of preservation of identity;
3. the right to strike; and
4. the right to establish and maintain institutions.
 
Graphics, figures, and maps
Because the review is published in black and white, all graphics, figures, and maps should use a color scheme that is fully legible in black and white (shades of grey are also possible). 

Abbreviations
Abbreviations that are in common use (UN, EC, EU, US, UK) need not be given in full on first use.
Other abbreviations should be spelt out on first use with the abbreviation given immediately following in parentheses, e.g. ‘World Health Organization (WHO)’. In future references use the abbreviation.
Acronyms and lettered abbreviations will be rendered with no stops.
 
Numbers
Numerals will be written out up to and including ten; 11 and above will be given in figures. If numerals up to ten and numerals above ten are included within the same sentence, all should be written out for consistency’s sake. Numerals are always used to indicate percentages. Percentages should be given using %.
 
Dates
Use the form day–month–year, e.g. 2 November 2002.
Decades: always use ‘1960s’, not ‘sixties’ or ‘60s’.
 
Capitalization
The following should always be capitalized: States Parties, Contracting Parties, Member States (but not state or states), Parliament, Government, Ministry/Minister and portfolio e.g. Ministry of the Interior), Secretary General, State Secretary, Directorate General, names of established committees and commissions, working groups, etc., ‘Article’, ‘Chapter’, and ‘Section’, when followed by a number, and ‘Resolution’, ‘Treaty’, Act, etc. when referring to a specific text. Otherwise, use capitalization sparingly.

Rules of citation

All articles submitted need to meet the rules of citation listed bellow. This represents a requirement for the acceptance of the article.

Within the body of the article all citations should be made using the Harvard style.
Example: (Popescu, 2004, p. 7) or (Popescu, 2006, pp. 7-9). At the end of the article, in the references section, all citations need to be fully referenced.
Example (in the reference section): Popescu, I., The reform of public administration, Cluj-Napoca: Accent, 2004. If there are notes, insert footnotes (notes are not allowed in (sub) titles or biography).
Footnotes must all end in a full stop. All references need to be numbered.
 
1. Books
Author, Title, publisher, year, page
Example: Neves, C., T., Popescu, I. and Gregor, H., Research Methods in Social Sciences, New York: Huebusch, 1975.
 
2. Articles
Author, ‘Title’, year, Periodical, issue number (if any), pages interval.
Example: Hamren, R., ‘Natural resources in Central Europe. Legal framework’, 1996, New Law Journal, 146, p.1235-1245.
 
3. Contributions in compilations and edited volumes
Author, ‘Title’, in editor’s name (ed.), Compilation, publisher, year, pages interval
Example: Dubinskas, F. A., ‘Janus Organizations: Scientists and Managers in Genetic Engineering Firms’, in Dubinskas (ed.), Making Time, PA: Temple University Press, 1988, pp. 147-182.
 
4. Newspaper articles
Author (if known), ‘Title’, Paper, date, page.
Example: Lewis, A., ‘The War Crimes Tribunal Works’, International Herald Tribune, 31 July 1995, p. 5.
 
5. Documents of international organizations
EU Documents
Directive 7/23/EC, OJ L 181, 9.7.1997, p. 1.
Regulation (EC) no. 2027/95
 
6. Other Documents
For all other documents, follow the official style as used by the organization itself.

7. Internet (url)
When articles, books, or official documents are accessed via the internet, the reference should be formatted as described above; Full url. where the document is posted should be listed as well as the date when it was accessed.
Example: Popescu, I., ’Land use planning’, [Online] at http://www.primariaclujnapoca.ro/, accessed April 1st, 2009.

8. National Official Documents
For all national official documents, follow the official style as used by the relevant national body itself.

Originality and plagiarism policy

By submitting your manuscript to the journal it is understood that this it is an original manuscript and is unpublished work and is not under consideration elsewhere. Plagiarism, including attempts to pass off someone else's work as your own, duplicate publication of the author’s own work, in whole or in part without proper citation, is not tolerated by the journal.

Plagiarism can be said to have clearly occurred when large chunks of text have been cut-and-pasted. Such manuscripts would not be considered for publication in TRAS. Depending on the severity of plagiarism, authors can be banned to submit other manuscripts for publication for a period ranging from 1 to 5 years. Minor plagiarism (under 15%), without dishonest intent, is rather frequent and is handled by the editors on a case by case basis. In most cases authors will be required to correct the text and to use proper citation.   

Manuscripts submitted to the journal may be checked for originality using anti-plagiarism software

Statement concerning the copyrights for articles published in TRAS

The authors retain the copyright of their published articles in TRAS, and the corresponding author has the right to grant, on behalf of all authors, the license to the publisher (Babeș-Bolyai University, Department of Public Administration and Management). This license allows the publisher to publish, reproduce, display, distribute and store the authors’ submissions, and allows the authors to use their own articles for their own purposes without seeking permission from the publisher; they must, however, provide proper acknowledgement and citation of the first publication in TRAS.