Retrospective Five-Year Survival Evaluation: Analyzing Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes through Comprehensive Clinical Profiles and Prognostic Survival Trends

Abstract

This study examined data from 461 breast cancer patients, focusing on age distribution, tumor features, histology, and molecular subtypes to evaluate their influence on patient outcomes. Age was a crucial determinant, exhibiting a greater prevalence in the 41–60 age bracket (53.6%) and the 61–80 bracket (36.7%). Tumor size and histological classifications exhibited no significant correlation with outcomes, nor did lymphovascular invasion and nodal stage. The research demonstrates the significance of hormone receptor status in forecasting outcomes. Significant correlations were identified among estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 positive. Patients with hormone receptor positivity comprised 56%, highlighting the significance of these receptors as prognostic markers. The Kaplan-Meier survival study indicated that Luminal A patients exhibited the most favorable long-term prognosis, sustaining elevated survival rates beyond 120 months. Luminal B exhibited a moderate prognosis, with survival significantly decreasing beyond 80 months. The HER2-enriched and Triple Negative subtypes exhibited fast survival decreases within the initial 60 months, signifying aggressive disease development and inferior prognosis. The results emphasize the necessity for subtype-specific therapeutic approaches, especially for high-risk variants such as Triple Negative and HER2-enriched malignancies, to enhance survival rates.