Study of the mineralization and recharge processes of the Turonian aquifer in an arid zone (Southwestern Algeria)

Abstract

Region of Béchar, located in southwestern Algeria, is characterized by an arid climate with a Saharan tendency and faces increasing water demand due to economic and demographic growth. This study aims to characterize the Turonian aquifer system, which represents a crucial economic water resource for drinking water supply and irrigation. The interpretation of hydrogeological and hydrochemical data has provided insights into the functioning of this aquifer system. The piezometric map reveals a groundwater flow direction from the northeast to the southwest, with an increasing hydraulic gradient towards the Djorf Torba dam. The recharge of the aquifer occurs through meteoric water infiltration and lateral contributions from Atlas aquifers. Hydrochemical analysis has identified dominant chemical facies and assessed water quality for human consumption and agricultural use. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to determine the mineralization processes, mainly influenced by the dissolution of evaporitic formations.