Traditional Landscape and local knowledge of Glagah Community, Temon District, Kulon Progo Regency Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid development of New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA,YIA) has not been able to reveal the values of its traditional landscape. Thus, the data presented in this study is deemed as containing important values to consider in appreciating local wisdom in performing sustainable development. This study was conducted through survey (direct observation), unstructured interview, and in-depth interview, and identification speciments. The result of this study is expected to be able to be used as consideration and  provide contribution for the community in Glagah who have for generations divided the traditional landscape into: sea area (segoro), estuary (cemplongan), desert area (gumuk pasir), moor (tegal), countryside, rice field (sawah), swamp (rawa), road (dalan), sacred places (keramat), and river (kali). The landscape’s sub-areas are further categorized as: Daendeles road, village road (lurung), moor road, paddy field road, river road (ledeng), a dike in paddy field (galengan), nyamplungan, tasik mountain (gunung tasik), swamp (putat, lubo), kengser sand (wedi kengser), bridge (kreteg), and bengkok paddy field. Some areas are classified as sacred, which are mbah watu and mbah drajat. Meanwhile, the paddy field includes: panjak, mboreh, jelontoro, jembangan, cangkringan, and cemetery area (jaratan). The people of Glagah have also given the flora and fauna local names both singular and plural from organs to organism for example of the plural names are: ulo sawo (Malayophyton reticulatus), and singular name mencawak (Varanus salvator), lintah (Herudo medicinalis), bido (Spilornis cheela) etc. For the flora singular name for example: krandan (Canavalia maritima), nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum); pring petung (Dendrocalamus asper). Names based on the sizes and organs for example betik fish (Anabas terstudineus) that is 2-4 cm long is called menter and the one that is bigger than 5 cm long is called as betik or betok etc. The various names for coconuts (Cocos nucifera) are: bluluk (small coconut with 4 cm diameter), cengkir (10-15 cm coconut), degan (bigger than 15 cm), and klopo or kambil (the old coconut). They have also used traditional measurement which has been agreed upon in the forms of pekulen for paddy field and moor, beruk for volume. Those divisions of landscapes will disappear due to the development of airport and along with the adaptation of the people in Glagah village.