Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Renal Transplant Patients: Relation with Glomerular Filtration Rate

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with a high prevalence of inflammation and oxidative stress (OS). The aim of this study was to assess status of inflammation and OS during progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). Materials and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was carried in 80 RTRs, divided into 3 groups by estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). CKD stage1 groups as control (eGFR ≥90 mL/min). We determined inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-), interleukine-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Oxidative and antioxidative status was assessed by measuring serum levels of 8-Isoprostane (8-IP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyls, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Results: Serum levels of TNF-, IL-6, CRP, 8-IP, TBARS and carbonyls increased significantly, as CKD stages advanced in CKD 3 and CKD 2 compared to CKD 1 (p < 0.001) and showed a significant inverse correlation with eGFR (P < 0.001). Serum SOD and catalase decreased in CKD 3 and CKD 2 compared to CKD 1 (p < 0.001). They showed a positive correlation with eGFR (P < 0.05). In a multiple regression analysis, dialysis duration before transplant, donor age and body mass index were the strongest predictors of increased inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that inflammation and OS increased with progression of CKD in RTRs and non-immunologic factors such as dialysis duration, donor age and body mass index seems to play important roles.