THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STATUS OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS BETWEEN LICENSING AND PROHIBITION: THE MIDDLE EAST REGAIN AS A MODEL: Review article

Abstract

Introduction: The discoveries of nuclear energy and the invention of nuclear weapons have come to create new equations on the world balance. This research deals with the international legal status of nuclear weapons between Licensing and Prohibition, Middle East regain as a model, where it addressed the impact of nuclear energy on international relations and strategies of major countries. Objectives: The main objectives of the present study were to review the literature regarding partial and comprehensive nuclear Prohibition, considering difficulties of nuclear weapons comprehensive Prohibition, and the possibility of establishing nuclear-weapon-free zones in the Middle East. Methodology: The researchers reviewed systematically reported treaties regarding nuclear weapons from points of prohibition either partially or comprehensively. Issues that are related to Middle East have received particular attention. Middle East includes many countries and considered as a place for conflicting parts out the Middle East. These issues were taken into consideration as factors that lead to gaining nuclear weapons. Because not all nuclear uses are intended for massive destruction, research team has taken into consideration the treaties that regulate the uses of nuclear energy. Results: The researchers found that countries are searching for their interest through gaining nuclear energy either for positive or negative aspects. The research dealt with the legality of the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Conclusions: Rational use of nuclear energy in peaceful purposes should be encouraged and regulated, whereas the uses of nuclear energy for nuclear weapon production should be completely prohibited. A philosophical change in the mentality of leaders may be required to achieve success.