Phytochemical Analysis and Diuretic Potential of Hydro-Alcoholic Extracts of Raphanus Sativus, Foeniculum Vulgare and Corriander Sativum in Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

Aim: The traditional medicines are getting more and more attention of the pharmaceutical and medical sciences globally. The study aims to investigate the effect of the safest natural diuretics alternative to synthetic sources found locally in Pakistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir regions. Materials and Methods: The diuretic potential of the hydro-alcoholic extracts of Raphanus sativus, Foeniculum vulgare and Corriander sativum were investigated on Swiss albino mice. Furosemide was used as a standard drug. Urine volume was measured after 6 hours administration of extracts. The animals were divided into five groups Group 1: Normal saline (10ml/kg) was given to control group. Group 2: Furosemide (20 mg/kg i.p) was given to standard group. Group 3: (100mg/kg i.p) extract of plant was given to mice (treatment group 1). Group 4: (300mg/kg i.p) extracts of plant was given to mice (Treatment group 2). Group 5: (400mg/kg i.p) extracts of plant was given to mice (Treatment group 3). The extracts were also phyto-chemically screened for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and phenols analysis. Results: The hydro-alcoholic extracts of plants with the dose of 400mg/kg showed significant (p<0.001) diuretic activity, as compared with that of standard drug furosemide. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and phenols. Conclusion: The current study justifies the use of these medicinal plants efficiently by traditional healers as diuretic agents. The result leads to the conclusion that the chief components such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and tannins found in these herbs might have contributed to the observed diuretic effect.