Jerusalem Revolution of (1825) Chronicled by the Greek Monk Neuvitos

Fatima Salim Tarawneh

Fatima Salim Tarawneh Petra University

Keywords: Jerusalem, Ottoman Empire, Neuvitos, the Greek monk, Obeida, Jerusalem Revolution, Christianity, Jews, Memoirs of The Monk Neuvitos, Esperidone, Mar Saba,

Abstract

This study is incorporated in order to sheds light on the Revolution of Jerusalem (1824-1826) chronicled by the Greek monk (Neuvitos). The monk highlighted the importance of this revolution in which all peasants of Jerusalem participated in. The revolution was one of the most important events that played a role in the transformation of Ottoman history at that time, and which was later put a limit to the presence of the Ottomans in Jerusalem.Due to the foreign ambitions at the time, Jerusalem experienced political upheavals. These upheavals resulted in poor economic conditions, taxation, and the oppression of the ottoman rulers. These conditions led to the uprising of the peasant against the Ottoman authorities in Jerusalem in 1825. The rebellion took place after the new governor implemented the harsh measures including conscription, disarmament, and taxation on the residents of Jerusalem. This study is an attempt to reveal the details of the revolution in the memoirs of the monk (Neuvitos). It also focuses on the role of Muslims, Christians, and Jews in the revolution. Moreover, it sheds light on the causes of the revolution, its consequences, and the position of the Ottoman Empire which led to the use of the military solution with the revolutionaries. The study concluded that this revolution took place because of the taxes imposed by the Governor of Acre, where Jerusalem during this period was a district of the state of Acre. The revolution proved the extent to which the governors and the collectors of the taxes of Jerusalem controlled taxes, taking advantage of the Ottoman capital (Istanbul), and imposed a large financial burden on the people of Jerusalem.

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